Structured Cabling or Smart Wiring, What Does it Mean?

Have you ever asked yourself what Structured cabling or Smart wiring means? Are they the same thing?

Structured cabling has existed for many years and is a term more commonly found in the commercial sector. It is a cable network design that is implemented in a building to support technology and communications services. It can incorporate data, telephone, security, BMS, Fire and electrical but it is commonly referring to data & telecommunications services.

The term Smart wiring is most commonly used around residential dwellings and is a marketing term used to pitch home automation sales to new home builders. People regularly see a few blue coloured cables that have been run around the house and call it smart wiring but more often than not, there is nothing smart about it at all.

I personally dislike the term “Smart wiring” because I associate it with the poor installations carried out by so called “Home Automation Experts”. The first thing to remember is that probably 90% of organisations who claim to be home automation experts are in fact far from it. In an industry that bares no regulations how can there be so many certified experts?

Regardless of what term you choose, “Smart Wiring” or “Structured cabling”, the concept is very important because there is only one or two opportunities to install true structured cabling into a house which is when it is being constructed or a major renovation is taking place.

With structured cabling design in a residential dwelling you should be considering the lifecycle that you are trying to achieve. Try to consider how long it will be before the house will either be rebuilt or have major renovations carried out. This will be the next opportunity to change the structured cabling as retrofitting is near impossible.

When our organisation designs a structured cabling plan for a project, we are trying to achieve a lifecycle of at least 20 years. This means that we are trying to support current and new technologies in the future for at least this period. It doesn’t mean that in 20 years the structured cabling will need to be replaced.

One thing to remember is that the majority of cabling that you will install in a structured cabling design is relatively cheap. It should cost between 1 and 1.5% of your building cost, supplied and installed. Labour is probably the biggest expense in the process but the difference in cost between running 2 cables to a destination or running 3 is fairly insignificant so always have spare cabling installed for future capacity.

Try to pick a suitable central point for all cabling to run to. This is generally the biggest mistake that is made by picking an area that is unsuitable. If your installation is substantial then you should be looking for an area that can house a free standing equipment rack with good access to at least 3 sides and adequate ventilation. You should also pick an area that will not affect adjacent areas due to equipment noise.

Contrary to what some people believe, sticking a 40RU rack in a cupboard in the Theatre room is not a good idea. However it is advisable to have the equipment room in close proximity to the Theatre as it will most likely have a large amount of AV services installed and reducing cabling lengths is important for signal quality as well as a reduction in cabling costs.

A well ventilated store room is the perfect choice and something that is virtually dust free if you want to achieve good equipment life. If you are unable to provide a dedicated room for this then your next best option would be a space in the garage as it offers great ventilation but the drawback is typically an increased level of dust.

Avoid small cupboard spaces inside the house as they provide poor ventilation, poor acoustics and poor access. Cupboards are for linen and crockery, not for racks and noisy equipment that generate heat.

The types of cabling that you install will depend on the size of your project and the services to be installed. Try to have an open mind when working on your structured cabling plan. Assuming that you will never want the ability to watch TV in a guest bedroom or have music by the swimming pool is not offering you a great deal of flexibility in the future should you change your mind.

The structured cabling is the backbone of any technology installed in your home and you are given one opportunity to get it right so always talk to someone who has a great deal of experience in this area. Make sure that it is well documented and cables are clearly identified when installed. It is this documentation that will allow you to identify whether you can support future technology later down the track.

How much cabling is enough you might ask? I would tell you that more often than not, people tend to not have enough than have too much. A large scale residential project that our organisation completed a few years ago had more than 20 kilometres of structured cabling installed and this excluded the electrical services. Admittedly this was a 1300Sqm home valued at over 7 million so you wouldn’t consider it to be your average home…